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For humans, haircut, hairstyle, or hairdo normally describe cutting or styling head hair. Unlike other animals, human beings of many cultures cut their hair, rather than letting it grow naturally. Hair styles are often used to signal cultural, social, and ethnic identity. Men and women naturally have the same hair but generally hairstyles conform to cultural standards of gender. Hair styles in both men and women also vary with current fashion trends, and are often used to determine social status.
There is a thriving world market in cut human hair of sufficient length for wig manufacture and for the production of training materials for student hairdressers and barbers. In less developed countries, selling one's hair can be a significant source of income â depending on length, thickness, condition, and colour, wig makers have been known to pay as much as US$40 for a head of hair. In the United States, cut hair of at least 10 inches (25 cm) length may be donated to a charity, such as Locks of Love.
[edit] History
In the 17th century, Manchu invaders issued the Queue Order, requiring Chinese, who traditionally did not cut their hair, to shave their heads like Manchus. The Chinese resisted. Tens of thousands of people were killed due to their hairstyle.
In the 1920s, the evangelist Billy Sunday popularized the phrase "long-haired men and short-haired women", a term he meant to encompass his disapproval of radicals, liberated women, homosexuals, and Greenwich Village artists.
Until the Beatles came along, classical
music was called longhaired music, because a longer style was popular among male orchestral artists and conductors.
In 2006, Virginia Senator George Allen became involved in a political controversy that turned, in part, on the difference between a mullet and a Mohawk.
[edit] Types of haircuts
Afro, a hairstyle popular with people of African and Melanesian descent, it is often considered symbolic of Black racial pride; however the hairstyle can also be worn by non-Blacks who have loosely curled hair
Bangs
Bantu/Zulu knots, haircut of African origin consisting of many small buns.
Beatle haircut or 'Moptop', a hairstyle influenced after the fashion of the same ones the members of The Beatles had. It was relatively new to Americans at the time, but not an uncommon British haircut. During the height of "Beatlemania," "Beatle wigs" were sold.
The Beehive, a large "big hair" style popular in the 1960s.
Big hair, various styles denoting a lot of volume.
Bouffant, another "big hair" style.
Bun
Blowout hair anywhere from a quarter inch to 2 inches taped up with gel. Often worn by Italian guidos.
Buzz cut, also called a butch cut; short all over.
Bob, a short cut for women, first popular in the 1920s, considered a sign of a liberated woman.
Bowl cut or "Moe", after the Three Stooges character.
Caesar cut, a short men's cut with longer bangs, also called a Clooney cut; widely popular among men from the early 1990s to the present.
Chelsea girl, shaving the crown and occiput of the head, and leaving the front, back and often the sides as fringes.
Chonmage, a samurai's topknot; the hair on the top of the head was usually shaved, and the rest of the hair gathered together and tied in a topknot; a modified version is still worn by some sumo wrestlers.
Comb over, combing hair over a bald spot.
Cornrows, raised, continuous braids, woven closely to the scalp; originating in indigenous Africa, they remain a popular African American hairstyle.
Crew cut, similar to buzz, originally worn by college rowers in the 1900s to distinguish themselves from football players, who had long hair (to supplement the inadequate helmets of the time).
Crop, a very short woman's cut.
Croydon facelift,the hair is pulled back tight and tied in a bun or ponytail at the back.
Devilock, short in back and on sides, long in front.
Dreadlocks, where hair is divided into many long, matted plaits; well known as a Rastafarian hairstyle.
Duck's Ass, combed long on sides, parted in back, also called ducktail or southback; the parting in the back caused the hair to stick up, hence the name. Also known as a "D.A.".
Emo hair
Fauxhawk, a fake Mohawk: short on the sides and back, medium length on top pushed up in a Mohawk direction, a portmanteau of the French 'faux' (false) and 'Mohawk'.
Feathered, the defining features of this style were the Side Parting and the length which varied from just showing the ears to almost shoulder length, this style rose dramatically in popularity during the 1970s but died down in the mid 1980s; it is slowly gaining back popularity; Tim Brooke-Taylor used to have this hairstyle.
Finger wave, popular in the 1920s and 1930s.
Flattop, just as it says, when combined with a D.A., called a "Detroit" because the flat top is not always compatible with a round head, there is often a spot on the top that is buzzed shorter, almost to the point of being shaved; this area is called the landing strip.
Flip, a medium to long cut where the sides are symetrical and curled away from the neck [1] [2]
Fofa, short to medium length on the sides and back, with a receding hairline from the forehead back due to a natural baldness; usually found on distinguished gentlemen and derived from the style of the monks.
French braid Unlike a regular three-strand braid, a French braid starts with small sections of hair at the crown of a person's head, and intermittently, more hair is added to each section as the braid progresses down the head.
French twist A classic "updo" in which long hair is gathered into a ponytail, then twisted together, and finally tucked and pinned together along the length of the roll.
Goatee Connect- This is where a thin line is made of the side burns and connects into the beard. Usually done with a shape-up.
High and tight, cut/buzzed very short (or even shaved) on sides and back up to the crown where the hair is left longer, can be a variation of crew cut or flattop.
Hime cut, a women's hairstyle consisting of straight cut side bangs and frontal fringe
Hi-top fade, popular style worn by African American males in the late 1980's and early 1990's. Popular endorsers included Kid 'n Play and Grace Jones.
Horseshoe Flattop, sides are shaved and back is shaved to the top of the head, making the remaining hair looks from above like the top is cut like a horseshoe.
Induction cut, the very shortest of hairstyles, without actually shaving the head with a razor.
Ivy League Cut, or "Princeton", cut short and tapered at the back and sides and cut close (about ¼ inch) across the crown of the head, but getting a little longer (up to 1.5 inches) at the front of the head. It provides a little more flexibility in terms of styling while still having a crisp "buzzed" appearance.
Jheri curl, a perm that loosens the curls of a person with coarse hair; known more for the oily residue of the chemicals used ("Jheri Curl Juice") than the actual style
Japanese hair straightening, a process that takes usually wavy or curly hair and breaks the cystine bonds by way of chemicals, then a hot iron reorganizes the structure of the hair leaving it soft, super-straight and healthy looking.
Khokhol, also spelt 'chochol' and 'chachol', a Slavic name for a longer tuft of hair left on top or on the front side of the otherwise cleanly shaven or shortly cut man's hair.
Layered hair, where the top layers of hair are cut shorter than the layers beneath.
Liberty spikes, the hair is arranged into long, thick, upright spikes.
Low and tight, cut/buzzed very short (or even shaved) on sides and back up to a line above the ears but below the crown, hair is left longer above this line.
Messed up Hair, looks like you have just got out of bed, usually for men, created using wax or putty.
Mohawk or 'Mohican', long hair divided into sections which are then braided and worn down, both sides are shaved or buzzed, long and usually spiked in the middle.
Mullet, this Haircut is popular with young men and became popular in the mid-1980's, the haircut is short in the front and long at the back of the head.
Odango, a women's hairstyle consisting of two long pigtails emanating from two perfect "spheres" of hair on the top of the head; Made famous by Sailor Moon.
Ofuku, worn by apprentice geisha in their final two years of apprenticeship; similar to the wareshinobu style; also called a momoware ("split peach") because the bun is split and a red fabric woven in the centre.
Pageboy, a Womans hairstyle in which the hair is almost shoulder-length except for a fringe in the front.
Perm, or "permanent wave," is a chemical-induced curling of naturally straight hair; originally created electrically with an apparatus resembling an electric chair; among African-Americans, a perm is the straight or large-curled look created by chemical relaxers.
Pigtails, long hair is parted in the middle and tied on the sides, often curled into ringlets (hence the name).
Pixie, a very short hair cut for women that almost resemble school boy looks.
Pompadour, big wave in the front, named for Madame de Pompadour aristocratic fashion leader of pre-Revolutionary France, mistress of Louis XV of France; Elvis Presley had one.
Ponytail, a hairstyle where most of the wearer's hair is pulled away from the face and gathered at the back.
PushBack, a hairstyle worn by Si.
Quiff, a hairstyle where part of the hair is put up high on the top of the head.
Recon, a radical version of the High and Tight, with the sides and back cleanly shaved very high up the head, intentionally leaving a very extreme contrast between the longer top hair and the shaved sides.
Rattail, is a male with all of his hair cut short all over except for a long strip of his hair growing in the back of the middle of his head typically at about ½ inch to an inch wide and can be as long as all the way down his back, but it is mostly found on a boy under 14 years old but some men wear one too. Occasionally females wear a rattail also.
Relaxer (chemical) typically done on black women, this is the process of making kinky or course hair staight. Timed applications are required. Read instuctions before application.
Ringlet:
Ronaldo cut: shaved head except for the front thirdish which is buzzed.
Shape-Up: This is where the barber cuts around the hairline making it visible
Sidelock: Long in front of the ears, short in back. The hair that is directly over the ears is allowed to grow long, but it is combed forward, in front of the ears, where it is sometimes twisted or curled if there isn't a natural curl to start with. The opposite of the Tom Hanks backward sweep cut, or the Duck's Ass cut. Compare payot in Numbers 6:5.
Tape-Up: Same as shape-up but part of the sides are lightened, in a skin tape-up the part of the sides are cut off.
Taper fade
Tonsure: This haircut is most identifiable with European monks; having a rim of hair about the head with the top shaved off.
Updo: This haircut is where the hair is put up on the top or back of the head and is commonly used for formal events such as weddings and proms
Wings, a new hairstyle similar to the Beatles cut but with the side and back bangs flipped up, occasionally by the use of a ballcap, usually worm with medium-long haircuts.
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